Live subti­tling in broad­casting and streaming services, and why teletext matters here

Live Subtitles Anywhere – Onsite, via Satellite or Web.

Clear standards for the acces­si­bility of audio­visual content have been in place since the require­ments of the European Acces­si­bility Act (EAA) came into force in mid-2025. For years, we have been helping companies make their content acces­sible to a wide audience with our AI-based subti­tling solution. One of our customers, WELT, has been strength­ening its market presence and fulfilling the inclusion and sustain­ability goals of Axel Springer Verlag for years with our solution. This workflow enables them to subtitle one of Germany’s leading news channels live around the clock — even at 2 a.m. — at a low cost. Thanks to the platform approach, agile proof of concepts (POCs) and other sponta­neous solutions can also be enabled by using our infra­structure.

The DeepVA platform, with it’s Deep Live Hub, forms the techno­logical basis for real-time transcription of spoken content and automated creation of live subtitles. Using modern AI models, DeepVA not only reliably recog­nizes spoken language, but also identifies the respective language and can provide live trans­la­tions based on this infor­mation. This makes the platform equally suitable for live subti­tling and trans­lation of a wide variety of media formats – especially in the broadcast environment.

Techni­cally, DeepVA processes the live audio stream in real time and contin­u­ously generates subtitles. These can be provided flexibly:

The Advan­tages of DeepVA’s Deep Live Hub:

  • Speed and scala­bility

    Unlike manual captioning, which takes a lot of time, AI-powered live captions can be created in real time around the clock. This is partic­u­larly beneficial for live broad­casts such as news, sports and events where instant acces­si­bility is crucial.

  • Integrated workflow

    Subtitles are trans­ferred directly from the inserter to the broadcast path, giving viewers the experience they’re used to, while AI transcription is seamlessly integrated in the background.

  • Cost efficiency

    The cost of manual subti­tling can be prohib­itive for many media providers, especially for live regional content. AI signif­i­cantly reduces these costs and enables imple­men­tation at a fraction of the cost.

  • Global reach

    Global reach AI-supported subti­tling can easily support multiple languages to reach a wider audience. The platform also allows this to be done on an ad hoc basis, such as during Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, when WELT made its subtitles available to refugees in Russian.

Teletext integration via Stream-Engineering.de

DeepVA integrates AI-generated live subtitles into linear television workflows using SDI insertion technology provided by partners such as Stream Engineering by Jochen Albrecht. This technology enables subtitles to be embedded directly into SDI signals in compliance with inter­na­tional teletext standards, making them available on tradi­tional linear TV platforms.

In the workflow, the broad­caster sends its RTMP audio livestream to the Deep Live Hub. There, AI-based live subtitles are generated and delivered back as an HLS subtitle stream. This HLS stream is retrieved by the subtitle inserter, which combines the subtitle data with the broadcaster’s already encoded live signal and outputs a subtitle-enhanced SDI signal.

The system is designed for stable 24/7 operation and supports multiple endpoints, allowing subtitles to be integrated into HD and SD signals simul­ta­ne­ously. The finalized SDI signals are then distributed to end viewers via satellite, ensuring reliable and barrier-free live subti­tling for linear television broad­casts.

Live — Subtitel — now as Roll-up Captions

Our new rolling captions output is now available via HLS, as well as via Stream-Engineering’s SDI inserter, of course. This dramat­i­cally reduces the latency for live subtitles.
Spoken content can now be displayed word for word as a fluent stream, almost simul­ta­ne­ously with the spoken word, while the subtitle line for the previous sentence moves up. This is in contrast to tradi­tional live subtitles, which only appear once a full sentence has been completed. Roll-up captions increase latency and readability.

Enabling Flexi­bility in Input and Output.

The Deep Live Hub from Aiconix offers a compre­hensive set of flexible input and output signal options, making it a powerful foundation for modern live streaming, broadcast, and AI-driven media workflows. On the input side, the platform supports a wide range of sources, including RTMP, WebRTC, SRT, and even estab­lished standards like the SIP protocol, allowing audio and video signals from cameras, encoders, call systems, or production tools to be seamlessly ingested.

For outputs, Deep Live Hub supports both text and media formats depending on the input type: text-based subtitle and trans­lation streams acces­sible via SRT URLs, HLS egress, or real-time HLS egress can be pulled or presented in a browser, while video streams can be delivered with burned-in captions, closed-caption tracks, and even metadata via websocket push, enabling direct publi­cation to platforms or downstream systems. In addition, support for SRT push workflows provides secure, reliable transport of subtitle data back to CDNs or streaming endpoints, giving broad­casters and marketers the flexi­bility to choose the most effective delivery method for their audiences.

Simple config­u­ration enables teams to adapt without technical complexity.

Teletext subtitles: proven standard for acces­sible television

Although not a feature of the future, teletext subtitles are a central component of acces­sible television. They have become increas­ingly required in recent years as the need for acces­si­bility compliance has grown. They provide deaf and hard of hearing people with a well-established, easily acces­sible standard that is independent of apps, platforms or modern hardware. They remain widely used, partic­u­larly for linear television, they are user-friendly for all ages and techni­cally robust. A key advantage of teletext is its relia­bility: subtitles are available on older TV sets and with limited reception.

Last but not least, legal require­ments also play an important role. Public broad­casters in particular are required to provide barrier-free services. Teletext subtitles are a necessity for European broad­casters.

Many European private and public broad­casters integrate live subtitles directly into their TV signal via standardised teletext pages. Modern IPTV platforms such as waipu.tv also support teletext, thereby bridging the gap between tradi­tional television and internet-based services.

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